There are specific as well as general uses of a drug or medicine. A medicine can be used to prevent a disease, treat a disease over a period or cure a disease. It can also be used to treat the particular symptom of the disease. The drug use depends on the form the patient takes it. It may be more useful in injection form or sometimes in tablet form. The drug can be used for a single troubling symptom or a life-threatening condition. While some medications can be stopped after few days, some drugs need to be continued for prolonged period to get the benefit from it.
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D-Panthenol is a form of Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid). It is used for treating deficiency of Vitamin B5 in the body. Pantothenic acid is also used alone or in combination with other vitamins for a wide variety of uses. It is also used as an ingredient in skin and hair products, for treating dandruff, gray hair, baldness, treating acne; enhancing immune function; improving athletic performance; tongue infections; headache; insomnia; nerve pain (neuralgia); irritability; allergies; progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass (muscular dystrophy); hyperactivity; carpal tunnel syndrome (numbness, tingling, weakness, and other problems in your hand), depression, chronic fatigue syndrome; congenital hyperthyroidism(overactive thyroid gland from birth), attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHA), celiac disease (autoimmune disorder related to gluten ingestion).
D-panthenol side effects
Allergic reaction
What is Niacinamide?
An indication is a term used for the list of condition or symptom or illness for which the medicine is prescribed or used by the patient. For example, acetaminophen or paracetamol is used for fever by the patient, or the doctor prescribes it for a headache or body pains. Now fever, headache and body pains are the indications of paracetamol. A patient should be aware of the indications of medications used for common conditions because they can be taken over the counter in the pharmacy meaning without prescription by the Physician.
Treating acne.
Niacinamide is a vitamin B supplement. Exactly how Niacinamide works is unknown.
How should I use Niacinamide?
Use Niacinamide as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
Wash the affected area with a mild cleanser or other cleansing product prescribed by your doctor and completely dry.
Apply a thin layer of the medicine to the affected area twice daily or as directed by your doctor. Gently rub the medicine in until it is evenly distributed.
Wash your hands immediately after using Niacinamide.
If you miss a dose of Niacinamide, use it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not use 2 doses at once.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Niacinamide.
Uses of Niacinamide in details
There are specific as well as general uses of a drug or medicine. A medicine can be used to prevent a disease, treat a disease over a period or cure a disease. It can also be used to treat the particular symptom of the disease. The drug use depends on the form the patient takes it. It may be more useful in injection form or sometimes in tablet form. The drug can be used for a single troubling symptom or a life-threatening condition. While some medications can be stopped after few days, some drugs need to be continued for prolonged period to get the benefit from it.
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To treat Hartnup disease (light sensitive skin rashes), inflammatory skin disease, vitamin deficiency, anxiety and Alzheimer’s disease (disorder that causes mental confusion and forgetfulness). It is also used in combination with intravenous vitamin C therapy for cancer.
Niacinamide description
Niacinamide, also called as nicotinamide (vitamin B3), is prescribed for the treatment of niacin deficiency disorders including pellagra. Niacinamide should not be used for treatment of hyperlipidemia.
Niacinamide dosage
Niacinamide Dosage
Applies to the following strengths: 100 mg; 500 mg
Usual Adult Dose for:
Niacin Deficiency
Pemphigus
Usual Pediatric Dose for:
Niacin Deficiency
Pemphigus
Additional dosage information:
Renal Dose Adjustments
Liver Dose Adjustments
Dialysis
Other Comments
Usual Adult Dose for Niacin Deficiency
Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA):
Males: 19 mg orally each day
Females: 13 mg orally each day
Initial dose: 100 mg orally 3 times a day, with or after meals
Maintenance dose: 100 to 500 mg orally up to 3 times a day, with or after meals
Niacinamide has toxic potential at adult doses in excess of 3 g/day.
Niacinamide may also be administered parenterally as a component of injectable multivitamin additives contained in parenteral nutrition products. All existing parenteral vitamin products for adults contain 40 mg/vial, which is the dose recommended by the American Medical Association/Nutrition Advisory Group for patients 11 years and older requiring parenteral vitamins.
Usual Adult Dose for Pemphigus
Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA):
Males: 19 mg orally each day
Females: 13 mg orally each day
Initial dose: 100 mg orally 3 times a day, with or after meals
Maintenance dose: 100 to 500 mg orally up to 3 times a day, with or after meals
Niacinamide has toxic potential at adult doses in excess of 3 g/day.
Niacinamide may also be administered parenterally as a component of injectable multivitamin additives contained in parenteral nutrition products. All existing parenteral vitamin products for adults contain 40 mg/vial, which is the dose recommended by the American Medical Association/Nutrition Advisory Group for patients 11 years and older requiring parenteral vitamins.
Usual Pediatric Dose for Niacin Deficiency
Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA):
0 to 6 months: 5 mg orally each day
6 months to 1 year: 6 mg orally each day
1 to 3 years: 9 mg orally each day
4 to 6 years: 12 mg orally each day
7 to 10 years: 13 mg orally each day
Males:
11 to 14 years: 17 mg orally each day
15 to 18 years: 20 mg orally each day
19 to 50 years: 19 mg orally each day
Females:
11 to 50 years: 13 mg orally each day
Niacinamide may also be administered parenterally as a component of injectable multivitamin additives contained in parenteral nutrition products. All existing parenteral vitamin products for children contain 17 mg/vial, which is the dose recommended by the American Medical Association/Nutrition Advisory Group for patients under 11 years of age.
Usual Pediatric Dose for Pemphigus
Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA):
0 to 6 months: 5 mg orally each day
6 months to 1 year: 6 mg orally each day
1 to 3 years: 9 mg orally each day
4 to 6 years: 12 mg orally each day
7 to 10 years: 13 mg orally each day
Males:
11 to 14 years: 17 mg orally each day
15 to 18 years: 20 mg orally each day
19 to 50 years: 19 mg orally each day
Females:
11 to 50 years: 13 mg orally each day
Niacinamide may also be administered parenterally as a component of injectable multivitamin additives contained in parenteral nutrition products. All existing parenteral vitamin products for children contain 17 mg/vial, which is the dose recommended by the American Medical Association/Nutrition Advisory Group for patients under 11 years of age.
Renal Dose Adjustments
Data not available
Liver Dose Adjustments
Because niacinamide is primarily metabolized by the liver and because of the risk of hepatotoxicity, niacinamide in not recommended in patients with liver dysfunction.
Dialysis
Data not available
Other Comments
Taking niacinamide with food may reduce stomach upset.
Niacinamide should not be taken with hot drinks.
Further information
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.
Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:
Diarrhea; dizziness; headache; itching; nausea; stomach upset; temporary feeling of warmth or flushing of the skin.
Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur while taking niacinamide:
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); black, tarry, or bloody stools; changes in vision; dark urine; decreased urination; fast or irregular heartbeat; loss of appetite; muscle pain or weakness; numbness or persistent tingling of the skin; persistent nausea, vomiting, or general "unwell" feeling; severe or prolonged flushing of the skin; stomach pain; swelling of the hands, legs, or feet; vomit that looks like coffee grounds; yellowing of the skin or eyes.
What is the most important information I should know about Niacinamide?
Niacinamide is for external use only. Avoid getting Niacinamide in your eyes. If you get Niacinamide in your eyes, rinse thoroughly with cool tap water.
Follow up with your doctor after 8 to 12 weeks to monitor your progress.
Do not use any other medicines or special cleansers on your skin unless your doctor instructs you otherwise. Makeup and other acne medicines may be applied over Niacinamide as directed by your doctor.
PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Niacinamide while you are pregnant. It is not known if Niacinamide is found in breast milk after topical use. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you use Niacinamide, check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.
What is Vitamin B1?
Thiamine is vitamin B1. Thiamine is found in foods such as cereals, whole grains, meat, nuts, beans, and peas. Thiamine is important in the breakdown of carbohydrates from foods into products needed by the body.
Thiamine is used to treat or prevent vitamin B1 deficiency. Thiamine injection is used to treat beriberi, a serious condition caused by prolonged lack of vitamin B1.
Thiamine taken by mouth (oral) is available without a prescription. Injectable thiamine must be given by a healthcare professional.
Thiamine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Vitamin B1 indications
An indication is a term used for the list of condition or symptom or illness for which the medicine is prescribed or used by the patient. For example, acetaminophen or paracetamol is used for fever by the patient, or the doctor prescribes it for a headache or body pains. Now fever, headache and body pains are the indications of paracetamol. A patient should be aware of the indications of medications used for common conditions because they can be taken over the counter in the pharmacy meaning without prescription by the Physician.
Applies to thiamine: capsule, solution, tablet, tablet enteric coated
As well as its needed effects, thiamine (the active ingredient contained in Vitamin B1) may cause unwanted side effects that require medical attention.
Major Side Effects
If any of the following side effects occur while taking thiamine, check with your doctor immediately:
Rare - Soon after receiving injection only
Coughing
difficulty in swallowing
hives
itching of skin
swelling of face, lips, or eyelids
wheezing or difficulty in breathing
Vitamin B1 contraindications
Contraindications for vitamin B1
Hypersensitivity to vitamin B1 or any component of a product containing vitamin B1.
What is Vitamin B2?
Riboflavin is vitamin B2. Vitamins are naturally occurring substances necessary for many processes in the body. Riboflavin is important in the maintenance of many tissues of the body.
Riboflavin is used to prevent and to treat deficiencies of riboflavin.
Riboflavin may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Vitamin B2 indications
An indication is a term used for the list of condition or symptom or illness for which the medicine is prescribed or used by the patient. For example, acetaminophen or paracetamol is used for fever by the patient, or the doctor prescribes it for a headache or body pains. Now fever, headache and body pains are the indications of paracetamol. A patient should be aware of the indications of medications used for common conditions because they can be taken over the counter in the pharmacy meaning without prescription by the Physician.
vitamin b2 deficiency
Uses of Vitamin B2 in details
There are specific as well as general uses of a drug or medicine. A medicine can be used to prevent a disease, treat a disease over a period or cure a disease. It can also be used to treat the particular symptom of the disease. The drug use depends on the form the patient takes it. It may be more useful in injection form or sometimes in tablet form. The drug can be used for a single troubling symptom or a life-threatening condition. While some medications can be stopped after few days, some drugs need to be continued for prolonged period to get the benefit from it.
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) supplementation is used to prevent and treat riboflavin deficiency. Vitamin B2 may prevent migraine headaches at high doses and be useful for prevention of eye conditions such as cataract, glaucoma and tired eyes (fatigue). Vitamin B2 is also used for boosting of immune system, and maintenance of healthy hair, skin, nails and mucous membranes.
Vitamin B2 description
Nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, and leafy vegetables. The richest natural source is yeast. It occurs in the free form only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; its principal forms in tissues and cells are as flavin mononucleotide and flavin-adenine dinucleotide.
Vitamin B2 interactions
Interactions for vitamin B2
Alcohol - impairs the intestinal absorption of riboflavi
Antidepressants (tricyclics or phenothiazines) - requirements for riboflavin may be increased in patients receiving these medications
Probenecid - concurrent use decreases gastrointestinal absorption of riboflavin; requirements for riboflavin may be increased in patients receiving probenecid.
Vitamin B2 side effects
Genitourinary
Yellow-orange discoloration of urine.
Vitamin B2 contraindications
None well documented.
What is Vitamin B6?
Pyridoxine is vitamin B6. Vitamins occur naturally in foods such as meat, poultry, nuts, whole grains, bananas, and avocados. Vitamin B6 is important for many processes in the body.
Pyridoxine is used to treat or prevent vitamin B6 deficiency. It is also used to treat a certain type of anemia (lack of red blood cells). Pyridoxine injection is also used to treat some types of seizure in babies.
Pyridoxine taken by mouth (oral) is available without a prescription. Injectable pyridoxine must be given by a healthcare professional.
Pyridoxine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Vitamin B6 indications
An indication is a term used for the list of condition or symptom or illness for which the medicine is prescribed or used by the patient. For example, acetaminophen or paracetamol is used for fever by the patient, or the doctor prescribes it for a headache or body pains. Now fever, headache and body pains are the indications of paracetamol. A patient should be aware of the indications of medications used for common conditions because they can be taken over the counter in the pharmacy meaning without prescription by the Physician.
* Sideroblastic anaemia
* Treatment and prophylaxis of vitamin B6 deficiency states
How should I use Vitamin B6?
Follow all directions on your prescription label. Do not use this medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended.
Pyridoxine tablets are taken by mouth. Injectable pyridoxine is injected into a muscle or into a vein through an IV. You may be shown how to use injections at home. Do not self-inject this medicine if you do not understand how to give the injection and properly dispose of used needles, IV tubing, and other items used to inject the medicine.
The recommended dietary allowance of pyridoxine increases with age. Follow your healthcare provider's instructions. You may also consult the Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health, or the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Nutrient Database (formerly "Recommended Daily Allowances") listings for more information.
Pyridoxine is only part of a complete program of treatment that may also include a special diet. It is very important to follow the diet plan created for you by your doctor or nutrition counselor. You should become very familiar with the list of foods you should eat or avoid to help control your condition.
Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
Uses of Vitamin B6 in details
There are specific as well as general uses of a drug or medicine. A medicine can be used to prevent a disease, treat a disease over a period or cure a disease. It can also be used to treat the particular symptom of the disease. The drug use depends on the form the patient takes it. It may be more useful in injection form or sometimes in tablet form. The drug can be used for a single troubling symptom or a life-threatening condition. While some medications can be stopped after few days, some drugs need to be continued for prolonged period to get the benefit from it.
It is used for the treatment and prevention of vitamin B6 deficiency. It is important for the breakdown of protein, fats, and carbohydrates from foods.
Vitamin B6 description
The 4-methanol form of vitamin B 6 which is converted to pyridoxal phosphate which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990).
Vitamin B6 interactions
Interactions for vitamin B6
Amiodarone: Concomitant use of vitamin B6 and amiodarone may enhance amiodarone-induced photosensitivity reactions. Doses of vitamin B6 greater than 5-10 milligrams/day should be avoided by those taking amiodarone Carbamazepine: Chronic use of carbamazepine may result in a significant decrease in plasma pyridoxal 5-phosphate levels Cycloserine: Cycloserine may react with pyridoxal 5-phosphate to form a metabolically inactive oxime, which may result in a functional vitamin B6 deficiency Ethionamide: The use of ethionamide may increase vitamin B6 requirements Fosphenytoin: High doses of vitamin B6 may lower plasma levels of phenytoin. Fosphenytoin is a prodrug of phenytoin Hydralazine: The use of hydralazine may increase vitamin B6 requirements Isoniazid: (isonicotinic acid, INH). Isoniazid reacts with pyridoxal 5-phosphate to form a metabolically inactive hydrazone, which may result in functional vitamin B6 deficiency Levodopa: Concomitant use of levodopa and vitamin B6 in doses of 5 milligrams or more daily may reverse the therapeutic effects of levodopa. Vitamin B6 does not reverse the therapeutic effects of levodopa if levodopa is taken concurrently with the levodopa decarboxylase inhibitor carbidopa. Levodopa is typically administered as a combination product with carbidopa
Oral contraceptives: The use of oral contraceptives may increase vitamin B6 requirements. This was more the case with the older oral contraceptive agents with high-dose estrogen/progestin. It appears to be less the case with the newer low-dose estrogen/progestin products Penicillamine: Penicillamine may react with pyridoxal 5-phosphate to form a metabolically inactive thiazolidine, which may result in a functional vitamin B6 deficiency Phenelzine: Phenelzine may react with pyridoxal 5-phosphate to yield a metabolically inactive hydrazone compound Phenobarbital: High doses of vitamin B6 may lower plasma levels of phenobarbital Phenytoin: High doses of vitamin B6 may lower plasma levels of phenytoin Theophylline: Theophylline may react with pyridoxal 5-phosphate leading to low plasma levels of the coenzyme. This may increase the risk of theophylline-induced seizures Valproic acid: Chronic use of valproic acid may result in a significant decrease in plasma pyridoxal 5-phosphate levels.
As well as its needed effects, pyridoxine (the active ingredient contained in Vitamin B6) may cause unwanted side effects that require medical attention.
Severity: Moderate
If any of the following side effects occur while taking pyridoxine, check with your doctor or nurse as soon as possible:
With large doses
Clumsiness
numbness of hands or feet
Vitamin B6 contraindications
Contraindications for vitamin B6
Vitamin B6 is contraindicated in those hypersensitive to any component of a vitamin B6-containing product.
What is Vitamin C?
Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) occurs naturally in foods such as citrus fruit, tomatoes, potatoes, and leafy vegetables. Vitamin C is important for bones and connective tissues, muscles, and blood vessels. Vitamin C also helps the body absorb iron, which is needed for red blood cell production.
Ascorbic acid is used to treat and prevent vitamin C deficiency.
Ascorbic acid may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Vitamin C indications
An indication is a term used for the list of condition or symptom or illness for which the medicine is prescribed or used by the patient. For example, acetaminophen or paracetamol is used for fever by the patient, or the doctor prescribes it for a headache or body pains. Now fever, headache and body pains are the indications of paracetamol. A patient should be aware of the indications of medications used for common conditions because they can be taken over the counter in the pharmacy meaning without prescription by the Physician.
For systemic use of Vitamin C: prevention and treatment of hypo- and avitaminosis of vitamin C; providing increased need for vitamin C during growth, pregnancy, lactation, with heavy loads, fatigue and during recovery after prolonged severe illness; in winter with an increased risk of infectious diseases.
For intravaginal use: chronic or recurrent vaginitis (bacterial vaginosis, nonspecific vaginitis) caused by the anaerobic flora (due to changes in pH of the vagina) in order to normalize disturbed vaginal microflora.
Uses of Vitamin C in details
There are specific as well as general uses of a drug or medicine. A medicine can be used to prevent a disease, treat a disease over a period or cure a disease. It can also be used to treat the particular symptom of the disease. The drug use depends on the form the patient takes it. It may be more useful in injection form or sometimes in tablet form. The drug can be used for a single troubling symptom or a life-threatening condition. While some medications can be stopped after few days, some drugs need to be continued for prolonged period to get the benefit from it.
Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is used to prevent or treat low levels of vitamin C in people who do not get enough of the vitamin from their diets. Most people who eat a normal diet do not need extra ascorbic acid. Low levels of vitamin C can result in a condition called scurvy. Scurvy may cause symptoms such as rash, muscle weakness, joint pain, tiredness, or tooth loss.
Vitamin C plays an important role in the body. It is needed to maintain the health of skin, cartilage, teeth, bone, and blood vessels. It is also used to protect your body's cells from damage. It is known as an antioxidant.
OTHER USES: This section contains uses of this drug that are not listed in the approved professional labeling for the drug but that may be prescribed by your health care professional. Use this drug for a condition that is listed in this section only if it has been so prescribed by your health care professional.
This vitamin may also be used with other vitamins for a certain eye condition (macular degeneration).
How to use Vitamin C
Take this vitamin by mouth with or without food, usually 1 to 2 times daily. Follow all directions on the product package, or take as directed by your doctor.
If you are taking the extended-release capsules, swallow them whole. Do not crush or chew extended-release capsules or tablets. Doing so can release all of the drug at once, increasing the risk of side effects. Also, do not split extended-release tablets unless they have a score line and your doctor or pharmacist tells you to do so. Swallow the whole or split tablet without crushing or chewing. Take this product with a full glass of water (8 ounces/240 milliliters) unless your doctor directs you otherwise.
If you are taking the wafers or chewable tablets, chew them thoroughly and then swallow. If you are taking the lozenges, place the lozenge in your mouth and allow it to slowly dissolve.
If you are taking the powder, mix it thoroughly in the proper amount of liquid and stir well. Drink all of the liquid right away. Do not prepare a supply for future use. If you are using the liquid form of this vitamin, carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose.
Dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.
Use this vitamin regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time(s) each day.
If you think you may have a serious medical problem, seek immediate medical attention.
Vitamin C description
A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.
Vitamin C dosage
This medication administered orally, IM, IV, intravaginally.
For the prevention of deficiency conditions Vitamin C dose is 25-75 mg / day, for the treatment - 250 mg / day or more in divided doses.
For intravaginal used ascorbic acid drugs in appropriate dosage forms.
Vitamin C interactions
In an application with barbiturates, primidone increases the excretion of ascorbic acid in the urine.
With the simultaneous use of oral contraceptives reduces the concentration of ascorbic acid in blood plasma.
In an application of Vitamin C with iron preparations ascorbic acid, due to its regenerative properties, transforms ferric iron in the bivalent, which improves its absorption.
Ascorbic acid in high doses can decrease urine pH that while the application reduces the tubular reabsorption of amphetamine and tricyclic antidepressants.
With the simultaneous use of aspirin reduces the absorption of ascorbic acid by about a third.
Vitamin C in an application with warfarin may decrease effects of warfarin.
With the simultaneous application of ascorbic acid increases the excretion of iron in patients receiving deferoxamine. In the application of ascorbic acid at a dose of 500 mg / day possibly left ventricular dysfunction.
In an application with tetracycline is increased excretion of ascorbic acid in the urine.
There is a described case of reducing the concentration of fluphenazine in plasma in patients treated with ascorbic acid 500 mg 2 times / day.
May increase the concentration of ethinyl estradiol in the blood plasma in its simultaneous application in the oral contraceptives.
As well as its needed effects, ascorbic acid (the active ingredient contained in Vitamin C) may cause unwanted side effects that require medical attention.
Severity: Moderate
If any of the following side effects occur while taking ascorbic acid, check with your doctor or nurse as soon as possible:
Less common or rare: - with high doses
Side or lower back pain
Minor Side Effects
Some ascorbic acid side effects may not need any medical attention. As your body gets used to the medicine these side effects may disappear. Your health care professional may be able to help you prevent or reduce these side effects, but do check with them if any of the following side effects continue, or if you are concerned about them:
Less common or rare: - with high doses
Diarrhea
dizziness or faintness (with the injection only)
flushing or redness of skin
headache
increase in urination (mild)
nausea or vomiting
stomach cramps
Vitamin C contraindications
AV-block II and III degree, sinoatrial block, SSS, bradycardia (HR < 40 bpm), hypotension (in case of myocardial infarction, systolic blood pressure less than 100 mm Hg), cardiogenic shock, congestive heart failure IIB-III stages, acute heart failure, Prinzmetal's angina, lactation, concomitant use of MAO inhibitors, hypersensitivity to atenolol.
Active ingredient matches for D-panthenol/niacinamide/vitamin B1/vitamin B2/vitamin B6/vitamin C:
D-panthenol/niacinamide/vitamin B1/vitamin B2/vitamin B6/vitamin C
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