Decutan Pregnancy

• Pregnancy of Decutan in details
• Decutan breastfeeding
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Pregnancy of Decutan in details

Decutan has been assigned to pregnancy category X by the FDA. Animal studies have revealed evidence of teratogenicity. There are no controlled data in human pregnancy; however, Decutan is known to be teratogenic to humans. The birth defects documented following exposure to Decutan include abnormalities of the face, eyes, ears, skull, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, and thymus and parathyroid glands. Decutan use is considered contraindicated during pregnancy.

Decutan must not be used by female patients who are or may become pregnant. There is an extremely high risk that severe birth defects will result if pregnancy occurs while taking Decutan in any amount, even for short periods of time. Potentially any fetus exposed during pregnancy can be affected. There are no accurate means of determining whether an exposed fetus has been affected. The birth defects documented following exposure to Decutan include abnormalities of the face, eyes, ears, skull, central nervous system (CNS), cardiovascular system, and thymus and parathyroid glands. Cases of IQ scores less than 85 with or without other abnormalities have been reported. There is an increased risk of spontaneous abortion, and premature births have been reported. External abnormalities have included skull abnormality, ear abnormalities, eye abnormalities (including microphthalmia), facial dysmorphia, and cleft palate. Internal abnormalities have included CNS abnormalities, cardiovascular abnormalities, thymus gland abnormality, and parathyroid hormone deficiency. In some cases death has occurred with some of the abnormalities previously mentioned. If pregnancy occurs during the course of treatment of a female, the drug must be discontinued immediately and she should be referred to an obstetrician-gynecologist experienced in reproductive toxicity for further evaluation and counseling. In an FDA Public Health Advisory, the FDA announced the approval of the Strengthened Risk Management Program for Decutan. Because of the high teratogenicity of Decutan and to minimize fetal exposure, Decutan is available only through a special restricted distribution program called iPLEDGE (TM). Prescribers, pharmacies, and wholesalers must be registered and activated with the iPLEDGE program in order to prescribe, dispense, or distribute Decutan. Decutan must only be dispensed to patients who are registered and meet all the requirements of iPLEDGE. This registration process ensures that prescribers, pharmacists, and patients agree to assume specific responsibilities to ensure that patients do not become pregnant while taking Decutan and do not get prescribed the medicine if they are pregnant. Further details on iPLEDGE are available at www.ipledgeprogram.com. Decutan was first marketed in the US in September of 1982. In July of 1983, the first reports of malformed infants were received by the manufacturer prompting a "Dear Doctor" letter reiterating the dangers of Decutan use in pregnancy. Despite further educational efforts by the manufacturer, unintentional exposures of pregnant women to Decutan continue to occur. Cardiovascular abnormalities observed have included interrupted aortic arch, ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, transposition of the great vessels, and Tetralogy of Fallot. Ear abnormalities have included anotia, micropinna, and small or absent external auditory canals. Central nervous system abnormalities have included cerebral abnormalities, cerebellar malformation, hydrocephalus, microcephaly, and cranial nerve deficit. Craniofacial abnormalities have frequently included occipital vaulting, and/or a sharply sloping, narrow forehead, wide-spaced eyes, small chin, and flat, depressed nasal bridge. Dai et al. 1992 reported 433 first-trimester exposures to Decutan of which pregnancy outcomes was known in 409 cases. Elective abortion was performed in 222 (54%) of these pregnancies and 29 (7%) ended in spontaneous abortions. Of 151 births, 72 (48%) were normal and 71 (47%) had congenital malformations. Malformations and spontaneous abortions occurred in women whose exposure to Decutan had been less than one week. Limb reduction defects have been reported in at least two infants, along with other multiple malformations characteristic to Decutan exposure. One infant with Decutan embryopathy, including thymic hypoplasia, demonstrated progressive attrition of T cells following her birth. She died after several bouts with pneumonia. It is suggested that Decutan may provide insult to the immune system as well as other teratogenic effects. Another infant with Decutan embryopathy and bilateral major ear deformities also demonstrated significant bilateral conductive hearing loss and left sided sensorineural loss. Peripheral and central vestibular dysfunction was also present. Any suspected fetal exposure during or 1 month after Decutan therapy must be reported at once to the FDA via the MedWatch number 1-800-FDA-1088 and also to the iPLEDGE pregnancy registry at 1-866-495-0654 or via the Internet (www.ipledgeprogram.com).

See references

Decutan breastfeeding

There are no data on the excretion of Decutan into human milk. Because of the potential for adverse effects in nursing infants, breast-feeding is considered contraindicated by the manufacturer.

See references

References for pregnancy information

1. Stern RS, Rosa F, Baum C "Decutan and pregnancy." J Am Acad Dermatol 10 (1984): 851-4
2. Chan A, Hanna M, Abbott M, Keane RJ "Oral retinoids and pregnancy." Med J Aust 165 (1996): 164-7
3. de la Cruz E, Sun S, Vangvanichyakorn K, Desposito F "Multiple congenital malformations associated with maternal Decutan therapy." Pediatrics 74 (1984): 428-30
4. Benke PJ "The Decutan teratogen syndrome." JAMA 251 (1984): 3267-9
5. CDC "Decutan--a newly recognized human teratogen." MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 33 (1984): 171-3
6. Lott IT, Bocian M, Pribram HW, Leitner M "Fetal hydrocephalus and ear anomalies associated with maternal use of Decutan." J Pediatr 105 (1984): 597-600
7. Rappaport EB, Knapp M "Decutan embryopathy--a continuing problem." J Clin Pharmacol 29 (1989): 463-5
8. Koren G, Pastuszak A, Ito S "Drugs in pregnancy." N Engl J Med 338 (1998): 1128-37
9. Rizzo R, Lammer EJ, Parano E, Pavone L, Argyle JC "Limb reduction defects in humans associated with prenatal Decutan exposure." Teratology 44 (1991): 599-604
10. "Product Information. Accutane (Decutan)." Roche Laboratories, Nutley, NJ.
11. Westerman ST, Gilbert LM, Schondel L "Vestibular dysfunction in a child with embryonic exposure to accutane." Am J Otol 15 (1994): 400-3
12. Cohen M, Rubinstein A, Li JK, Nathenson G "Thymic hypoplasia associated with Decutan embryopathy." Am J Dis Child 141 (1987): 263-6
13. Thomson EJ, Cordero JF "The new teratogens: accutane and other vitamin-A analogs." MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 14 (1989): 244-8
14. McBride WG "Limb reduction deformities in child exposed to Decutan in utero on gestation days 26-40 only." Lancet 1 (1985): 1276
15. Atanackovic G, Koren G "Fetal exposure to oral Decutan: failure to comply with the Pregnancy Prevention Program." Can Med Assn J 160 (1999): 1719-20
16. Fernhoff PM, Lammer EJ "Craniofacial features of Decutan embryopathy." J Pediatr 105 (1984): 595-7
17. Coberly S, Lammer E, Alashari M "Retinoic acid embryopathy: case report and review of literature." Pediatr Pathol Lab Med 16 (1996): 823-36
18. CDC "Birth defects caused by Decutan--Neew Jersey." JAMA 259 (1988): 2362, 2365
19. Guirgis MF, Wong AM, Tychsen L "Clinicopathologic reports, case reports, and small case series: congenital restrictive external ophthalmoplegia and gustatory epiphora associated with fetal Decutan toxicity." Arch Ophthalmol 120 (2002): 1094-5
20. Dai WS, LaBraico JM, Stern RS "Epidemiology of Decutan exposure during pregnancy." J Am Acad Dermatol 26 (1992): 599-606

References for breastfeeding information

1. "Product Information. Accutane (Decutan)." Roche Laboratories, Nutley, NJ.

References

1. DailyMed. "ISOTRETINOIN: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
2. PubMed Health. "Zenatane: This section provide the link out information of drugs collectetd in PubMed Health. ". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhe... (accessed September 17, 2018).
3. Human Metabolome Database (HMDB). "13-cis-Retinoic acid: The Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) is a freely available electronic database containing detailed information about small molecule metabolites found in the human body.". http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0... (accessed September 17, 2018).

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Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology