Lignocaine & Adrenaline Chem-Pharm Dosage

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Dosage of Lignocaine & Adrenaline Chem-Pharm in details

The dose of a drug and dosage of the drug are two different terminologies. Dose is defined as the quantity or amount of medicine given by the doctor or taken by the patient at a given period. Dosage is the regimen prescribed by the doctor about how many days and how many times per day the drug is to be taken in specified dose by the patient. The dose is expressed in mg for tablets or gm, micro gm sometimes, ml for syrups or drops for kids syrups. The dose is not fixed for a drug for all conditions, and it changes according to the condition or a disease. It also changes on the age of the patient.
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The lowest dosage and volume that results in effective anaesthesia should be used and should be based on the status of the patient and the type of regional anaesthesia intended. Lignocaine & Adrenaline Chem-Pharm contains no antimicrobial agent and should be used only once and any residue discarded.

Lignocaine should be administered with great caution to patients with impaired cardiovascular function as they may be less able to compensate for functional changes associated with the prolongation of AV conduction produced by these drugs.

Adults: See table.

Recommended Doses: The previously suggested concentrations and volumes serve only as a guide. Toxic doses vary widely between patients and toxic effects may occur after any local anaesthetic procedure.

Careful observation of the patient must therefore be maintained. It is recommended that the dose of lignocaine at any one time should not exceed 7 mg/kg. However, the dose administered must be tailored to the individual patient and procedure, and the maximum doses here quoted should be used as a guide only.

Hypotension: During thoracic, lumbar and caudal epidural anaesthesia, a marked fall in blood pressure and/or intercostal paralysis may be seen, possibly due to the use of excessive doses, improper positioning of the patient or accidental disposition of the anaesthetic within the subarachnoid space. Hypotension and bradycardia may occur as a result of sympathetic blockade.

Test Dose: For epidural anaesthesia, a 3-5 mL test dose of a local anaesthetic solution preferably containing up to 15 mcg of adrenaline (eg, 3 mL of Xylocaine 2% with adrenaline 1:200,000) should be administered.

Verbal contact and repeated monitoring of heart rate and blood pressure should be maintained for 5 min after the test dose, after which, in the absence of signs of subarachnoid or intravascular injection, the main dose may be administered.

Use of a test dose containing adrenaline may have further advantages in that an intravascular injection of adrenaline will be quickly recognised by an increase in heart rate, usually within about 40 sec. To detect this, the heart rate and rhythm should be monitored with an electrocardiogram.

Prior to administration of the total dose, aspiration should be repeated. The main dose should be injected slowly, with continual assessment of the patient. If toxic symptoms or signs occur, the injection should be stopped immediately.

Children: A reduced dosage based on bodyweight or surface area should be used. The dosage should be calculated for each patient individually and modified in accordance with the physician's experience and knowledge of the patient.

In order to minimise the possibility of toxic effects, the use of Xylocaine 0.5% or 1% solutions is recommended for most anaesthetic procedures involving paediatric patients.

In children, early signs of local anaesthetic toxicity may be difficult to detect in cases where the block is given during general anaesthesia.

Elderly: A reduction in dosage may be necessary for elderly patients especially those with compromised cardiovascular and/or hepatic function.

In epidural anaesthesia, a smaller dose may provide adequate anaesthesia.

Impaired Hepatic Function: Although lignocaine is metabolised by the liver, dosage reduction for local anaesthesia is probably not warranted. However, caution should be exercised with repeated doses.

Impaired Renal Function: Impairment of renal function is unlikely to affect lignocaine clearance in the short-term (24 hrs). However, toxicity due to accumulation may develop with prolonged or repeated administration.

Lignocaine & Adrenaline Chem-Pharm interactions

Interactions are the effects that happen when the drug is taken along with the food or when taken with other medications. Suppose if you are taking a drug Lignocaine & Adrenaline Chem-Pharm, it may have interactions with specific foods and specific medications. It will not interact with all foods and medications. The interactions vary from drug to drug. You need to be aware of interactions of the medicine you take. Most medications may interact with alcohol, tobacco, so be cautious.
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Lignocaine & Adrenaline Chem-Pharm should be used cautiously in patients with hyperthyroidism, hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias. All vasopressors should be used cautiously in patients taking monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors.

Lignocaine & Adrenaline Chem-Pharm should not be administered concomitantly with other sympathomimetic drugs (such as isoproterenol) because of possible additive effects and increased toxicity.

Combined effects may induce serious cardiac arrhythmias. They may be administered alternately when the preceding effect of other such drug has subsided.

Administration of Epinephrine (Lignocaine & Adrenaline Chem-Pharm) to patients receiving cyclopropane or halogenated hydrocarbon general anesthetics such as halothane which sensitize the myocardium, may induce cardiac arrhythmia.. When encountered, such arrhythmias may respond to administration of a beta-adrenergic blocking drug. Lignocaine & Adrenaline Chem-Pharm also should be used cautiously with other drugs (e.g., digitalis, glycosides) that sensitize the myocardium to the actions of sympathomimetic drugs.

Diuretic agents may decrease vascular response to pressor drugs such as Epinephrine (Lignocaine & Adrenaline Chem-Pharm).

Lignocaine & Adrenaline Chem-Pharm may antagonize the neuron blockade produced by guanethidine resulting in decreased antihypertensive effect and requiring increased dosage of the latter.


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References

  1. DailyMed. "LIDOCAINE; TETRACAINE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
  2. DailyMed. "EPINEPHRINE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
  3. FDA/SPL Indexing Data. "YKH834O4BH: The UNique Ingredient Identifier (UNII) is an alphanumeric substance identifier from the joint FDA/USP Substance Registration System (SRS).". https://www.fda.gov/ForIndustry/Data... (accessed September 17, 2018).

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The results of a survey conducted on ndrugs.com for Lignocaine & Adrenaline Chem-Pharm are given in detail below. The results of the survey conducted are based on the impressions and views of the website users and consumers taking Lignocaine & Adrenaline Chem-Pharm. We implore you to kindly base your medical condition or therapeutic choices on the result or test conducted by a physician or licensed medical practitioners.

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Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology

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