Numbing the skin before you have certain medical procedures (eg, injections, minor skin surgery) in the treated area.
Lignocaine and Adrenaline iontophoretic patch is a local anesthetic. It works by stopping nerves from transmitting painful impulses to the brain.
Lignocaine and Adrenaline indications
An indication is a term used for the list of condition or symptom or illness for which the medicine is prescribed or used by the patient. For example, acetaminophen or paracetamol is used for fever by the patient, or the doctor prescribes it for a headache or body pains. Now fever, headache and body pains are the indications of paracetamol. A patient should be aware of the indications of medications used for common conditions because they can be taken over the counter in the pharmacy meaning without prescription by the Physician.
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Production of local or regional anaesth by infiltration techniques; IV regional anaesth, by peripheral nerve block techniques eg intercostal blocks; major plexus blocks eg brachial plexus blocks & by epidural & subarachnoid blocks. As Spray: Surface anaesth: In dentistry Otorhinolaryngology for maxillary sinus Paracentesis During delivery Introduction of instruments & catheters into the resp & digestive tract Laryngeal & tracheal procedures As Gel: As a surface anaesth & lubricant for the male & female urethra during cystoscopy, catheterisation, exploration by sound & other endourethral procedures, nasal & pharyngeal cavities in endoscopic procedures eg gastroscopy & bronchoscopy, during proctoscopy & rectoscopy & tracheal intubation. Symptomatic treatment of pain in connection w/ cystitis & urethritis. As Rectal Cream or suppositories for hemorrhoids
How should I use Lignocaine and Adrenaline?
There are specific as well as general uses of a drug or medicine. A medicine can be used to prevent a disease, treat a disease over a period or cure a disease. It can also be used to treat the particular symptom of the disease. The drug use depends on the form the patient takes it. It may be more useful in injection form or sometimes in tablet form. The drug can be used for a single troubling symptom or a life-threatening condition. While some medications can be stopped after few days, some drugs need to be continued for prolonged period to get the benefit from it.
Use Lignocaine and Adrenaline iontophoretic patch as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
Lignocaine and Adrenaline iontophoretic patch is usually applied at your doctor's office, hospital, or clinic. If you will be using Lignocaine and Adrenaline iontophoretic patch at home, a health care provider will teach you how to use it. Be sure you understand how to use Lignocaine and Adrenaline iontophoretic patch. Follow the procedures you are taught when you use a dose. Contact your health care provider if you have any questions.
Lignocaine and Adrenaline iontophoretic patch is only to be used on intact, clean, dry skin, Do not apply Lignocaine and Adrenaline iontophoretic patch to broken, damaged, inflamed, or hairy skin.
If you miss a dose of Lignocaine and Adrenaline iontophoretic patch, contact your doctor right away.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Lignocaine and Adrenaline iontophoretic patch.
Lignocaine and Adrenaline description
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Lignocaine and Adrenaline/ Adrenaline is sterile, isotonic, and in addition, contains adrenaline acid tartrate and sodium metabisulfite 0.5 mg/mL as antioxidant. It contains no antimicrobial agent and should be used only once and any residue be discarded.
Lignocaine and Adrenaline/ Adrenaline has a pH of approximately 3-4.5.
The chemical abstracts service (CAS) number for lignocaine HCl [Australian approved name (AAN)], is 6108-05-0 and anhydrous lignocaine HCl is 73-78-9. The chemical name for lignocaine HCl is 2-Diethylaminoaceto-2'6'-xylidide HCl. The CAS number for adrenaline is 51-43-4. The chemical name for adrenaline is (R)-1-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methylaminoethanol. The AAN is adrenaline.
Lignocaine base has a pKa of 7.85 (25°C), an oil/water coefficient of 2.9 and a molecular weight of 234.3.
Lignocaine is classed as a membrane-stabilising agent and is a local anaesthetic of the amide-type. It is extremely stable.
Lignocaine and Adrenaline dosage
The lowest dosage and volume that results in effective anaesthesia should be used and should be based on the status of the patient and the type of regional anaesthesia intended. Lignocaine and Adrenaline/ Adrenaline contains no antimicrobial agent and should be used only once and any residue discarded.
Lignocaine should be administered with great caution to patients with impaired cardiovascular function as they may be less able to compensate for functional changes associated with the prolongation of AV conduction produced by these drugs.
Adults: See table.
Recommended Doses: The previously suggested concentrations and volumes serve only as a guide. Toxic doses vary widely between patients and toxic effects may occur after any local anaesthetic procedure.
Careful observation of the patient must therefore be maintained. It is recommended that the dose of lignocaine at any one time should not exceed 7 mg/kg. However, the dose administered must be tailored to the individual patient and procedure, and the maximum doses here quoted should be used as a guide only.
Hypotension: During thoracic, lumbar and caudal epidural anaesthesia, a marked fall in blood pressure and/or intercostal paralysis may be seen, possibly due to the use of excessive doses, improper positioning of the patient or accidental disposition of the anaesthetic within the subarachnoid space. Hypotension and bradycardia may occur as a result of sympathetic blockade.
Test Dose: For epidural anaesthesia, a 3-5 mL test dose of a local anaesthetic solution preferably containing up to 15 mcg of adrenaline (eg, 3 mL of Xylocaine 2% with adrenaline 1:200,000) should be administered.
Verbal contact and repeated monitoring of heart rate and blood pressure should be maintained for 5 min after the test dose, after which, in the absence of signs of subarachnoid or intravascular injection, the main dose may be administered.
Use of a test dose containing adrenaline may have further advantages in that an intravascular injection of adrenaline will be quickly recognised by an increase in heart rate, usually within about 40 sec. To detect this, the heart rate and rhythm should be monitored with an electrocardiogram.
Prior to administration of the total dose, aspiration should be repeated. The main dose should be injected slowly, with continual assessment of the patient. If toxic symptoms or signs occur, the injection should be stopped immediately.
Children: A reduced dosage based on bodyweight or surface area should be used. The dosage should be calculated for each patient individually and modified in accordance with the physician's experience and knowledge of the patient.
In order to minimise the possibility of toxic effects, the use of Xylocaine 0.5% or 1% solutions is recommended for most anaesthetic procedures involving paediatric patients.
In children, early signs of local anaesthetic toxicity may be difficult to detect in cases where the block is given during general anaesthesia.
Elderly: A reduction in dosage may be necessary for elderly patients especially those with compromised cardiovascular and/or hepatic function.
In epidural anaesthesia, a smaller dose may provide adequate anaesthesia.
Impaired Hepatic Function: Although lignocaine is metabolised by the liver, dosage reduction for local anaesthesia is probably not warranted. However, caution should be exercised with repeated doses.
Impaired Renal Function: Impairment of renal function is unlikely to affect lignocaine clearance in the short-term (24 hrs). However, toxicity due to accumulation may develop with prolonged or repeated administration.
Lignocaine and Adrenaline interactions
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Lignocaine and Adrenaline should be used cautiously in patients with hyperthyroidism, hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias. All vasopressors should be used cautiously in patients taking monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors.
Lignocaine and Adrenaline should not be administered concomitantly with other sympathomimetic drugs (such as isoproterenol) because of possible additive effects and increased toxicity.
Combined effects may induce serious cardiac arrhythmias. They may be administered alternately when the preceding effect of other such drug has subsided.
Administration of Lignocaine and Adrenaline to patients receiving cyclopropane or halogenated hydrocarbon general anesthetics such as halothane which sensitize the myocardium, may induce cardiac arrhythmia.. When encountered, such arrhythmias may respond to administration of a beta-adrenergic blocking drug. Lignocaine and Adrenaline also should be used cautiously with other drugs (e.g., digitalis, glycosides) that sensitize the myocardium to the actions of sympathomimetic drugs.
Diuretic agents may decrease vascular response to pressor drugs such as Lignocaine and Adrenaline.
Lignocaine and Adrenaline may antagonize the neuron blockade produced by guanethidine resulting in decreased antihypertensive effect and requiring increased dosage of the latter.
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction to lorazepam: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:
confusion, depressed mood, thoughts of suicide or hurting yourself;
Allergy or hypersensitivity to amide-type local anaesthetics, sodium metabisulfite or to any excipients of Lignocaine and Adrenaline/ Adrenaline. Detection of suspected hypersensitivity by skin testing is of limited value.
Local anaesthetics are contraindicated for epidural and spinal anaesthesia in patients with uncorrected hypotension or coagulation disorders or in patients receiving anticoagulation treatment.
Local anaesthetic techniques must not be used when there is inflammation and/or sepsis in the region of the proposed injection and/or in the presence of septicaemia.
General contraindications related to epidural anaesthesia, regardless of the local anaesthetic used, should be taken into account.
Adrenaline is contraindicated in conditions where the production or exacerbation of tachycardia may prove fatal eg, thyrotoxicosis or severe heart disease, or in obstetrics when maternal blood pressure exceeds 130/80 mmHg.
Solutions with adrenaline must not be used for local analgesia in parts of the body with compromised blood supply or supplied by end arteries eg, fingers, toes, nose, ears or penis. There is a possibility of producing arterial vasoconstriction and subsequent ischaemic gangrene distal to the site of injection.
Solutions with adrenaline must not be used for IV regional techniques.
Solutions with adrenaline should not be used in patients with known sensitivity to sympathomimetic amines.
Solutions with adrenaline should not be used in most patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis.
Active ingredient matches for Lignocaine and Adrenaline:
DailyMed. "LIDOCAINE; TETRACAINE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
DailyMed. "EPINEPHRINE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
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