The action of the drug on the human body is called Pharmacodynamics in Medical terminology. To produce its effect and to change the pathological process that is happening the body and to reduce the symptom or cure the disease, the medicine has to function in a specific way. The changes it does to the body at cellular level gives the desired result of treating a disease. Drugs act by stimulating or inhibiting a receptor or an enzyme or a protein most of the times. Medications are produced in such a way that the ingredients target the specific site and bring about chemical changes in the body that can stop or reverse the chemical reaction which is causing the disease.
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Description: Magnesium is essential to many enzymatic reactions in the body, acting as a cofactor in protein synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. 8.36 g of Magnesium Chloride (hexahydrate) is equivalent to about 1 g of magnesium. Each g of Magnesium Chloride (hexahydrate) represents about 4.9 mmol of magnesium and 9.8 mmol of chloride.
Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption:
Oral: About one-third is absorbed from the small intestine. The fraction of magnesium absorbed is inversely proportional to amount ingested.
Distribution: Plasma protein binding: About 25-30%. Magnesium crosses the placenta.
Excretion:
Parenteral magnesium salts: Excreted mainly in urine.
Oral magnesium salts: Via urine (absorbed fraction); faeces (unabsorbed fraction).
How should I take Magnesium Chloride?
Your doctor may check your kidney function before you start using Magnesium Chloride.
Magnesium Chloride is given as an infusion into a vein. A healthcare provider will give you this injection.
You may be given other medications to help prevent serious side effects or allergic reaction.
Your breathing and blood pressure will be watched closely during and after each injection.
You may need frequent medical tests. Even if you have no symptoms, tests can help your doctor determine if this medicine is effective.
Magnesium Chloride administration
Administration of drug is important to know because the drug absorption and action varies depending on the route and time of administration of the drug. A medicine is prescribed before meals or after meals or along with meals. The specific timing of the drug intake about food is to increase its absorption and thus its efficacy. Few work well when taken in empty stomach and few medications need to be taken 1 or 2 hrs after the meal. A drug can be in the form of a tablet, a capsule which is the oral route of administration and the same can be in IV form which is used in specific cases. Other forms of drug administration can be a suppository in anal route or an inhalation route.
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Oral: Bariatric surgery: Tablet, delayed release: Some institutions may have specific protocols that conflict with these recommendations; refer to institutional protocols as appropriate. ER tablets should be swallowed whole. Do not cut, chew, or crush. IR tablet and injectable formulations are available.
If safety and efficacy can be effectively monitored, no change in formulation or administration is required after bariatric surgery; however, clinicians should be aware that bariatric vitamin supplementation is recommended lifelong and may include magnesium. Consider integrating part or all of magnesium supplementation requirements into the postsurgery bariatric vitamin regimen.
Magnesium Chloride pharmacology
Pharmacokinetics of a drug can be defined as what body does to the drug after it is taken. The therapeutic result of the medicine depends upon the Pharmacokinetics of the drug. It deals with the time taken for the drug to be absorbed, metabolized, the process and chemical reactions involved in metabolism and about the excretion of the drug. All these factors are essential to deciding on the efficacy of the drug. Based on these pharmacokinetic principles, the ingredients, the Pharmaceutical company decides dose and route of administration. The concentration of the drug at the site of action which is proportional to therapeutic result inside the body depends on various pharmacokinetic reactions that occur in the body.
Magnesium is important as a cofactor in many enzymatic reactions in the body involving protein synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism (at least 300 enzymatic reactions require magnesium). Actions on lipoprotein lipase have been found to be important in reducing serum cholesterol and on sodium/potassium ATPase in promoting polarization (eg, neuromuscular functioning).
Absorption
Oral: Inversely proportional to amount ingested; 40% to 60% under controlled dietary conditions; 15% to 36% at higher doses
Distribution
Bone (50% to 60%); extracellular fluid (1% to 2%)
Excretion
Urine (as magnesium)
Protein Binding
30%, to albumin
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References
DailyMed. "MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
EPA Safer Choice. "EPA Safer Chemical Ingredients Classification: Safer Choice of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) helps consumers, businesses, and purchasers find products that perform and are safer for human health and the environment. This classification is created based on the use classes of each chemical ingredient from the EPA Safer Choice.". https://www.epa.gov/saferchoice (accessed September 17, 2018).
EPA DSStox. "Magnesium chloride: DSSTox provides a high quality public chemistry resource for supporting improved predictive toxicology.". https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/ds... (accessed September 17, 2018).
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