Consists of Loratadine, Paracetamol, Pseudoephedrine
Actions of Loratadine (Trimed Flu) in details
Pharmacology: Loratadine (Trimed Flu) like other antihistamines acts via competitive blocking of H1-histaminic receptors. Loratadine (Trimed Flu) penetrates very poorly into CNS. Therefore, it is devoid of significant CNS depressant effects. Loratadine (Trimed Flu) is highly selective antagonist of H1-histaminic receptors. Loratadine (Trimed Flu) has very weak affinity for α-adrenoreceptors or acetylcholine receptors. In animal models, Loratadine (Trimed Flu) has very high affinity for H1-histaminic receptors, which is greater than that of the terfenadine or astemizole. The antihistaminic effect persists for 18-24 hrs. In human subjects, Loratadine (Trimed Flu) suppresses wheal response to intradermally injected histamine. This action starts within 1-2 hrs of oral administration and maximum inhibitory effect evident in 2-4 hrs. The magnitude and duration of effects are dependent upon Loratadine (Trimed Flu) dose. On long-term administration, the drug retains its effectiveness without developing tachyphylaxis. In animal models, Loratadine (Trimed Flu) has also shown anti-serotonin activity. It also suppresses mast cell mediator release.
In addition, Loratadine (Trimed Flu) also possess anti-allergic activity which has been demonstrated in humans by skin prick and nasal challenge tests.
In human volunteers, Loratadine (Trimed Flu) did not reduce psychomotor performance as measured by sleep latency, symbol copying, digit symbol substitution, dynamic visual activity test or driving performance. In addition, Loratadine (Trimed Flu) does not potentiate the effects of centrally acting drugs eg, diazepam, ethanol and barbiturates.
Pharmacokinetics: Absorption: In humans, Loratadine (Trimed Flu) is rapidly absorbed after oral administration. There is a linear relationship between Loratadine (Trimed Flu) dose and both Cmax and AUC. The 10, 20 and 40 mg of Loratadine (Trimed Flu) produce peak plasma concentrations of 5, 11, 28 mcg/L, respectively. Time to reach maximum concentration occurs between 1-1.5 hrs. After repeated dosing steady-state plasma concentrations occur by 5th day.
Metabolism: Loratadine (Trimed Flu) is metabolized to descarboethoxyloratadine (DCL) which is pharmacologically active.
Distribution: Loratadine (Trimed Flu) has extensive distribution in the body. The distribution t½ of Loratadine (Trimed Flu) and DCL is 1.02 and 3.8 hrs, respectively.
Loratadine (Trimed Flu) is 97-99% bound to plasma proteins whereas DCL is 73-76% bound to plasma proteins. Small amount of both Loratadine (Trimed Flu) and DCL is secreted in breast milk, but the amount is minimal.
Elimination: Loratadine (Trimed Flu) undergoes extensive biotransformation. The elimination t½ of Loratadine (Trimed Flu) after single dose is 8-11 hrs and that of DCL is 17-24 hrs. After multiple dosing, elimination t½ of Loratadine (Trimed Flu) is 4.4 hrs and that of DCL is 8.7 hrs.
Pharmacokinetics of Loratadine (Trimed Flu) and that of DCL is not affected in patients with renal disease and in plasma patients on hemodialysis. In elderly patients too, disposition kinetics of Loratadine (Trimed Flu) and DCL is not affected. In patients of alcoholic liver disease, the t½ of Loratadine (Trimed Flu) and that of DCL are longer but still within the range observed in a population of normal subjects.
How should I take Loratadine (Trimed Flu)?
Use exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor. Do not use in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended.
Loratadine (Trimed Flu) is usually taken once per day. Follow your doctor's instructions.
Do not crush, chew, or break the regular Loratadine (Trimed Flu) tablet. Swallow the pill whole.
Measure liquid medicine with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup, not with a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.
To take Loratadine (Trimed Flu) orally disintegrating tablet (Loratadine (Trimed Flu), Alavert):
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Keep the tablet in its blister pack until you are ready to take the medicine. Open the package and peel back the foil from the tablet blister. Do not push a tablet through the foil or you may damage the tablet.
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Using dry hands, remove the tablet and place it on your tongue. It will begin to dissolve right away.
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Do not swallow the tablet whole. Allow it to dissolve in your mouth without chewing.
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Swallow several times as the tablet dissolves. If desired, you may drink water to help swallow the dissolved tablet.
Call your doctor if your symptoms do not improve.
Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
Loratadine (Trimed Flu) administration
May be administered without regard to meals.
Dispersible tablet: Place in mouth and allow to dissolve. Swallow with or without water.
Loratadine (Trimed Flu) pharmacology
Loratadine (Trimed Flu) is a long acting second generation antihistamine that is similar in structure to cyproheptadine and azatadine. The pharmacology of Loratadine (Trimed Flu) is similar to other antihistamines, but unlike other H1-blockers, loratidine is shown to exhibit competitive, specific, and selective antagonism of H1 receptors. The exact mechanism of this interaction is unknown, but disposition of the drug suggests that Loratadine (Trimed Flu)'s prolonged antagonism of histamine may be due to the drug's slow dissociation from the receptor or the formation of the active metabolite, desloratadine. Loratadine (Trimed Flu) does not penetrate the CNS effectively and has a low affinity for CNS H1-receptors.
Actions of Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) in details
Pharmacology: Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) exhibits analgesic and antipyretic activity by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. It produces analgesia by elevating the pain threshold and antipyresis through action on the hypothalamic heat-regulating center.
In therapeutic doses, Paracetamol (Trimed Flu)'s analgesic and antipyretic action is comparable to that of aspirin. Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) does not adversely affect platelet function and hemostasis.
Pharmacokinetics: Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) is rapidly and completely absorbed after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations occur between 15 min to 2 hrs after ingestion. The absolute oral bioavailability of Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) is about 80% and is independent of dose in the range of 5-20 mg/kg.
Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) is not bound to plasma proteins to any extent. The concentrations of Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) in saliva are similar to those in plasma. Concentrations in whole blood are up to 20% higher and in breast milk about 20% lower than the plasma concentration. Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) crosses the placenta.
Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) is extensively metabolized in the liver and the total body clearance is about 5 mL/kg/min. The clearance of Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) is reduced and the half-life increased following a hepatotoxic overdose. Prolongation of half-life beyond 4 hrs usually indicates impending liver damage.
Two to five percent of a therapeutic dose of Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) is excreted unchanged in the urine. Its renal clearance is about 10 mL/min and is weakly dependent on urine flow rate but not on pH.
Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) administration
May be taken with or without food.
Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) pharmacology
The analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects of aspirin are due to actions by both the acetyl and the salicylate portions of the intact molecule as well as by the active salicylate metabolite. Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) directly and irreversibly inhibits the activity of both types of cyclo-oxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) to decrease the formation of precursors of prostaglandins and thromboxanes from arachidonic acid. This makes aspirin different from other NSAIDS (such as diclofenac and ibuprofen) which are reversible inhibitors. Salicylate may competitively inhibit prostaglandin formation. Paracetamol (Trimed Flu)'s antirheumatic (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory) actions are a result of its analgesic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms; the therapeutic effects are not due to pituitary-adrenal stimulation. The platelet aggregation–inhibiting effect of aspirin specifically involves the compound's ability to act as an acetyl donor to the platelet membrane; the nonacetylated salicylates have no clinically significant effect on platelet aggregation. Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) affects platelet function by inhibiting the enzyme prostaglandin cyclooxygenase in platelets, thereby preventing the formation of the aggregating agent thromboxane A2. This action is irreversible; the effects persist for the life of the platelets exposed. Paracetamol (Trimed Flu) may also inhibit formation of the platelet aggregation inhibitor prostacyclin (prostaglandin I2) in blood vessels; however, this action is reversible.
Actions of Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) in details
Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) acts directly on both alpha- and, to a lesser degree, beta-adrenergic receptors. Through direct action on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the mucosa of the respiratory tract, Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) produces vasoconstriction. Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by stimulating beta2-adrenergic receptors. Like ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) releasing norepinephrine from its storage sites, an indirect effect. This is its main and direct mechanism of action. The displaced noradrenaline is released into the neuronal synapse where it is free to activate the postsynaptic adrenergic receptors.
How should I take Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu)?
Use Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor. Do not use in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Cold medicine is usually taken only for a short time until your symptoms clear up.
Do not give Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) to a child younger than 4 years old. Always ask a doctor before giving a cough or cold medicine to a child. Death can occur from the misuse of cough and cold medicines in very young children.
Take this medicine with a full glass of water. Do not crush, chew, or break an extended-release tablet. Swallow it whole. Breaking or opening the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time. You may need to shake the oral suspension (liquid) well just before you measure a dose. Measure the liquid with a special dose measuring spoon or medicine cup, not with a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.
Do not take Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) for longer than 7 days in a row. Talk with your doctor if your symptoms do not improve after 7 days of treatment, or if you have a fever with a headache, cough, or skin rash. If you need surgery, tell the surgeon ahead of time that you are using Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu). You may need to stop using the medicine for a short time.
Store Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) administration
Do not crush ER drug product, swallow whole. May administer with or without food. Sudafed 24 Hour tablet may not completely dissolve and appear in stool.
Bariatric surgery: Tablet, extended release: Some institutions may have specific protocols that conflict with these recommendations; refer to institutional protocols as appropriate. ER tablets should be swallowed whole. Do not crush or chew. IR tablet, chewable tablet, capsule, oral solution, syrup, and suspension formulations are available. If safety and efficacy can be effectively monitored, no change in formulation or administration is required after bariatric surgery.
Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) pharmacology
Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) is a sympathomimetic agent, structurally similar to ephedrine, used to relieve nasal and sinus congestion and reduce air-travel-related otalgia in adults. The salts Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) hydrochloride and Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) sulfate are found in many over-the-counter preparations either as single-ingredient preparations, or more commonly in combination with antihistamines and/or Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu)/ibuprofen. Unlike antihistamines, which modify the systemic histamine-mediated allergic response, Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) only serves to relieve nasal congestion commonly associated with colds or allergies. The advantage of oral Pseudoephedrine (Trimed Flu) over topical nasal preparations, such as oxymetazoline, is that it does not cause rebound congestion (rhinitis medicamentosa).
References
- DailyMed. "PSEUDOEPHEDRINE SULFATE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
- DailyMed. "LORATADINE; PSEUDOEPHEDRINE SULFATE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
- NCIt. "Pseudoephedrine Sulfate: NCI Thesaurus (NCIt) provides reference terminology for many systems. It covers vocabulary for clinical care, translational and basic research, and public information and administrative activities.". https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser... (accessed September 17, 2018).
Reviews
The results of a survey conducted on ndrugs.com for Trimed Flu are given in detail below. The results of the survey conducted are based on the impressions and views of the website users and consumers taking Trimed Flu. We implore you to kindly base your medical condition or therapeutic choices on the result or test conducted by a physician or licensed medical practitioners.User reports
1 consumer reported administration
When best can I take Trimed Flu, on an empty stomach, before or after food?ndrugs.com website users have also released a report stating that Trimed Flu should be taken After food. In any case, this may not be the right description on how you ought to take this Trimed Flu. Kindly visit your doctor for more medical advice in this regard. Click here to see other users view on when best the Trimed Flu can be taken.
| Users | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| After food | 1 | 100.0% | |
Consumer reviews
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Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology
