Valocordin Side effects

• Side effects of Bromisoval (Valocordin) in details
• Bromisoval (Valocordin) contraindications
• Side effects of Phenobarbital (Valocordin) in details
• Phenobarbital (Valocordin) contraindications
• Valocordin reviews

Consists of Bromisoval, Phenobarbital

Side effects of Bromisoval (Valocordin) in details

Dependence; drowsiness, sedation, ataxia; resp depression; headache; GI disturbances; skin reactions; confusion and memory defects; paradoxical excitement, irritability; hypersensitivity reactions; haematologic disorders. Nystagmus, miosis, slurred speech and ataxia in excessive doses.

Potentially Fatal: Bromide accumulation and symptoms resembling bromism. Produces neonatal intoxication, vit K deficiency symptoms, congenital malformations when taken during pregnancy.

Bromisoval (Valocordin) contraindications

Elderly and debilitated patients; young adults, child; depression; pulmonary insufficiency; sleep apnoea; preexisting CNS depression or coma; severe hepatic impairment. Porphyria. Pregnancy and lactation. Elderly and debilitated patients; young adults and childn.

What are the possible side effects of Phenobarbital (Valocordin)?

Phenobarbital (Valocordin) may cause a severe allergic reaction. Stop taking Phenobarbital (Valocordin) and get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:

• restless muscle movements in your eyes, tongue, jaw, or neck;

• slow heartbeat, shallow breathing;

• feeling light-headed, fainting;

• a fever or a sore throat;

• sores in your mouth;

• easy bruising or bleeding; or

• broken blood vessels under your skin.

Less serious side effects may include:

• drowsiness or dizziness;

• problems with memory or concentration;

• excitement, irritability, aggression, or confusion (especially in children or older adults);

• loss of balance or coordination;

• nausea, constipation;

• headache; or

• "hangover" effect (drowsiness the day after a dose).

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Side effects of Phenobarbital (Valocordin) in details

The following adverse reactions and their incidence were compiled from surveillance of thousands of hospitalized patients.

• Nervous system: Somnolence.

• Nervous system: Agitation, confusion, hyperkinesia, ataxia, CNS depression, nightmares, nervousness, psychiatric disturbance, hallucinations, insomnia, anxiety, dizziness, thinking abnormality.
• Respiratory system: Hypoventilation, apnea.
• Cardiovascular system: Bradycardia, hypotension, syncope.
• Digestive system: Nausea, vomiting, constipation.
• Other reported reactions: Headache, injection site reactions, hypersensitivity reactions (angioedema skin rashes, exfoliative dermatitis), fever, liver damage, megaloblastic anemia following chronic Phenobarbital (Valocordin) use.

DRUG ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE

Symptoms of acute intoxication with Phenobarbital (Valocordin) include unsteady gait, slurred speech, and sustained nystagmus. Mental signs of chronic intoxication include confusion, poor judgment, irritability, insomnia, and somatic complaints.

Symptoms of Phenobarbital (Valocordin) dependence are similar to those of chronic alcoholism. If an individual appears to be intoxicated with alcohol to a degree that is radically disproportionate to the amount of alcohol in his or her blood, the use of barbiturates should be suspected. The lethal dose of a barbiturate is far less if alcohol is also ingested. The symptoms of Phenobarbital (Valocordin) withdrawal can be severe and may cause death. Minor withdrawal symptoms may appear 8 to 12 hours after the last dose of Phenobarbital (Valocordin). These symptoms usually appear in the following order: anxiety, muscle twitching, tremor of hands and fingers, progressive weakness, dizziness, distortion in visual perception, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, and orthostatic hypotension. Major withdrawal symptoms (convulsions and delirium) may occur within 16 hours and last up to 5 days after abrupt cessation of this drug. Intensity of withdrawal symptoms gradually declines over a period of approximately 15 days. Individuals susceptible to Phenobarbital (Valocordin) abuse and dependence include alcoholics and opiate abusers, as well as other sedative- hypnotic and amphetamine abusers.

Drug dependence on Phenobarbital (Valocordin) arises from repeated administration of the barbiturate or an agent with barbiturate- like effect on a continuous basis, generally in amounts exceeding therapeutic dose levels. The characteristics of drug dependence on Phenobarbital (Valocordin) include: (a) a strong desire or need to continue taking the drug, (b) a tendency to increase the dose, (c) a psychic dependence on the effects of the drug related to subjective and individual appreciation of those effects, and (d) a physical dependence on the effects of the drug requiring its presence for maintenance of homeostasis and resulting in a definite, characteristic, and self-limited abstinence syndrome when the drug is withdrawn.

Treatment of Phenobarbital (Valocordin) dependence consists of cautious and gradual withdrawal of the drug. One method involves substituting a 30 mg dose of Phenobarbital (Valocordin) for each 100 to 200 mg dose that the patient has been taking. The total daily amount of Phenobarbital (Valocordin) is then administered in 3 to 4 divided doses, not to exceed 600 mg daily. Should signs of withdrawal occur on the first day of treatment, a loading dose of 100 to 200 mg of Phenobarbital (Valocordin) may be administered IM in addition to the oral dose. After stabilization on Phenobarbital (Valocordin), the total daily dose is decreased by 30 mg a day as long as withdrawal is proceeding smoothly. A modification of this regimen involves initiating treatment at the patient's regular dosage level and decreasing the daily dosage by 10 percent if tolerated by the patient.

Infants physically dependent on Phenobarbital (Valocordin) may be given a lower dose of Phenobarbital (Valocordin) at 3 to 10 mg/kg/day. After withdrawal symptoms (hyperactivity, disturbed sleep, tremors, hyperreflexia) are relieved, the dosage of Phenobarbital (Valocordin) should be gradually decreased and completely withdrawn over a 2-week period.

What is the most important information I should know about Phenobarbital (Valocordin)?

• Phenobarbital (Valocordin) may cause dizziness, drowsiness, or lightheadedness. These effects may be worse if you take it with alcohol or certain medicines. Use Phenobarbital (Valocordin) with caution. Do not drive or perform other possibly unsafe tasks until you know how you react to it.
• Do not drink alcohol or use medicines that may cause drowsiness (eg, sleep aids, muscle relaxers) while you are using Phenobarbital (Valocordin); it may add to their effects. Ask your pharmacist if you have questions about which medicines may cause drowsiness.
• Use Phenobarbital (Valocordin) with caution in the ELDERLY; they may be more sensitive to its effects.
• Phenobarbital (Valocordin) should not be used in CHILDREN younger than 12 years old; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.
• Hormonal birth control (eg, birth control pills) may not work as well while you are using Phenobarbital (Valocordin). To prevent pregnancy, use an extra form of birth control (eg, condoms).
• PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: Phenobarbital (Valocordin) has been shown to cause harm to the fetus. If you think you may be pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Phenobarbital (Valocordin) while you are pregnant. Phenobarbital (Valocordin) is found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you use Phenobarbital (Valocordin), check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.

When used for long periods of time or at high doses, Phenobarbital (Valocordin) may not work as well and may require higher doses to obtain the same effect as when originally taken. This is known as TOLERANCE. Talk with your doctor if Phenobarbital (Valocordin) stops working well. Do not take more than prescribed.

Some people who use Phenobarbital (Valocordin) for a long time may develop a need to continue taking it. People who take high doses are also at risk. This is known as DEPENDENCE or addiction. If you stop taking Phenobarbital (Valocordin) suddenly, you may have WITHDRAWAL symptoms. These may include anxiety, nausea, sleeplessness, and body aches.

Phenobarbital (Valocordin) contraindications

Do not use Phenobarbital (Valocordin) if you are pregnant. It could harm the unborn baby. Phenobarbital (Valocordin) may also cause addiction or withdrawal symptoms in a newborn if the mother takes the medication during pregnancy.

Phenobarbital (Valocordin) can make birth control pills less effective. Ask your doctor about using a non-hormone method of birth control (such as a condom, diaphragm, spermicide) to prevent pregnancy while taking Phenobarbital (Valocordin).

Phenobarbital (Valocordin) may cause a severe allergic reaction. Stop taking Phenobarbital (Valocordin) and get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Do not stop using Phenobarbital (Valocordin) without first talking to your doctor, even if you feel better. You may have increased seizures if you stop using Phenobarbital (Valocordin) suddenly. You will need to use less and less before you stop the medication completely.

Some people using this medicine have engaged in activity such as driving, eating, or making phone calls and later having no memory of the activity. If this happens to you, stop taking Phenobarbital (Valocordin) and talk with your doctor about another treatment for your sleep disorder.

Phenobarbital (Valocordin) may be habit-forming and should be used only by the person it was prescribed for. Keep the medication in a secure place where others cannot get to it.

References

1. DailyMed. "DIAZEPAM: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
2. DTP/NCI. "phenobarbital: The NCI Development Therapeutics Program (DTP) provides services and resources to the academic and private-sector research communities worldwide to facilitate the discovery and development of new cancer therapeutic agents.". https://dtp.cancer.gov/dtpstandard/s... (accessed September 17, 2018).
3. DTP/NCI. "diazepam: The NCI Development Therapeutics Program (DTP) provides services and resources to the academic and private-sector research communities worldwide to facilitate the discovery and development of new cancer therapeutic agents.". https://dtp.cancer.gov/dtpstandard/s... (accessed September 17, 2018).

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Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology