Vinicor AM Dosage

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Dosage of Vinicor AM in details

The dose of a drug and dosage of the drug are two different terminologies. Dose is defined as the quantity or amount of medicine given by the doctor or taken by the patient at a given period. Dosage is the regimen prescribed by the doctor about how many days and how many times per day the drug is to be taken in specified dose by the patient. The dose is expressed in mg for tablets or gm, micro gm sometimes, ml for syrups or drops for kids syrups. The dose is not fixed for a drug for all conditions, and it changes according to the condition or a disease. It also changes on the age of the patient.
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Kapspargo Dosage

Generic name: Vinicor AM SUCCINATE 25mg

Dosage form: capsule, extended release

Medically reviewed on June 19, 2018.

Hypertension

Adults: The usual initial dosage is 25 mg to 100 mg once daily in a single dose. Adjust dosage at weekly (or longer) intervals until optimum blood pressure reduction is achieved. Dosages above 400 mg per day have not been studied.

Pediatric Hypertensive Patients 6 Years of age or older: The recommended starting dose of Vinicor AM is 1 mg/kg once daily, the maximum initial dose should not exceed 50 mg once daily. Adjust dosage according to blood pressure response. Doses above 2 mg/kg (or in excess of 200 mg) once daily have not been studied in pediatric patients.

Vinicor AM has not been studied in pediatric patients less than 6 years of age.

Angina Pectoris

Individualize the dosage of Vinicor AM. The usual initial dosage is 100 mg once daily, given in a single dose. Gradually increase the dosage at weekly intervals until optimum clinical response has been obtained or there is a pronounced slowing of the heart rate. Dosages above 400 mg per day have not been studied. If treatment is to be discontinued, reduce the dosage gradually over a period of 1 to 2 weeks.

Heart Failure

Prior to initiation of Vinicor AM, stabilize the dose of other heart failure drug therapy and ensure that the patient is not fluid overloaded. The recommended starting dose of Vinicor AM is 25 mg once daily for two weeks. Vinicor AM is not suitable for initial therapy in patients who are expected to require a starting dose less than 25 mg daily. Dosage must be individualized and closely monitored during up-titration. Double the dose every two weeks to the highest dosage level tolerated by the patient or up to 200 mg of Vinicor AM. If a patient experiences symptomatic bradycardia, reduce the dose of Vinicor AM. If transient worsening of heart failure occurs, consider treating with increased doses of diuretics, lowering the dose of Vinicor AM or temporarily discontinuing it. The dose of Vinicor AM should not be increased until symptoms of worsening heart failure have been stabilized. Initial difficulty with titration should not preclude later attempts to introduce Vinicor AM.

For patients who are taking Vinicor AM succinate extended-release tablets at a dose of 25 mg to 200 mg once daily, substitute Vinicor AM for Vinicor AM succinate extended-release tablets, using the same total daily dose of Vinicor AM succinate.

Administration

Vinicor AM should be swallowed whole. For patients unable to swallow an intact capsule, alternative administration options are available.

Directions for use with soft food (applesauce, pudding, or yogurt)

For patients with swallowing difficulty, Vinicor AM can be opened and contents can be sprinkled over soft food. The contents of the capsules should be swallowed along with a small amount (teaspoonful) of soft food (such as applesauce, pudding, or yogurt). The drug/food mixture should be swallowed within 60 minutes and not stored for future use.

Nasogastric tube administration

Open and add contents of capsule to an all plastic oral tip syringe and add 15 mL of water. Gently shake the syringe for approximately 10 seconds. Promptly deliver through a 12 French or larger nasogastric tube. Ensure no granules are left in the syringe. Rinse with additional water if needed.

Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.

More about Vinicor AM (Vinicor AM)

Consumer resources

Other brands: Vinicor AM Tartrate, Vinicor AM Succinate ER, Lopressor, Toprol-XL

Professional resources

Related treatment guides

What other drugs will affect Vinicor AM?

Tell your doctor about all medicines you use, and those you start or stop using during your treatment with Vinicor AM, especially:

This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with Vinicor AM, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.

Vinicor AM interactions

Interactions are the effects that happen when the drug is taken along with the food or when taken with other medications. Suppose if you are taking a drug Vinicor AM, it may have interactions with specific foods and specific medications. It will not interact with all foods and medications. The interactions vary from drug to drug. You need to be aware of interactions of the medicine you take. Most medications may interact with alcohol, tobacco, so be cautious.
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Vinicor AM is a CYP2D6 substrate. Drugs that inhibit CYP2D6 can have an effect on the plasma concentration of Vinicor AM. Examples of drugs that inhibit CYP2D6 are quinidine, terbinafine, paroxetine, fluoxetine, sertraline, celecoxib, propafenon and diphenhydramine. When treatment with these drugs are initiated, the dose of Vinicor AM might have to be reduced for patients treated with Vinicor AM.

The Following Combinations with Vinicor AM Should be Avoided: Barbituric Acid Derivatives: Barbiturates (investigated for pentobarbital) induce the metabolism of Vinicor AM by enzyme induction.

Propafenone: Upon administration of propafenone to 4 patients on Vinicor AM therapy, the plasma concentrations of Vinicor AM increased by 2-5 fold and 2 patients experienced side effects typical of Vinicor AM. The interaction was confirmed in 8 healthy volunteers. The interaction is probably explained by the fact that propafenone, similarly to quinidine, inhibits the metabolism of Vinicor AM via cytochrome P450 2D6. The combination is probably difficult to handle since propafenone also has beta-receptor blocking properties.

Verapamil: In combination with beta-receptor blocking drugs (described for atenolol, propranolol and pindolol), verapamil may cause bradycardia and fall in blood pressure.

Verapamil and beta-blockers have additive inhibitory effects on AV-conduction and sinusnode function.

The Following Combinations with Vinicor AM may require Modified Drug

Dosage: Amiodarone: A case report suggests that patients treated with amiodarone may developed pronounced sinus bradycardia when treated simultaneously with Vinicor AM. Amiodarone has extremely long half-life (around 50 days), which implies that interactions can occur for a long time after withdrawal of the drug.

Antiarrhythmics, Class I: Class I antiarrhythmics and beta-receptor blocking drugs have additive negative inotropic effects which may result in serious haemodynamic side effects in patients with impaired left ventricular function. The combination should also be avoided in "sick sinus syndrome" and pathological AV-conduction. The interaction is best documented for disopyramide.

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory/Antirheumatic Drugs (NSAIDs): NSAID-antiphlogistics have been shown to counteract the antihypertensive effect of beta-receptor blocking drugs. Primarily, indomethacin has been studied. This interaction probably does not occur with sulindac. A negative interaction study on diclofenac has been performed.

Diphenhydramine: Diphenhydramine decreases (2.5 times) clearance of Vinicor AM to alpha-hydroximetoprolol via CYP2D6 in fast hydroxylating persons. The effects of Vinicor AM are enhanced. Diphenhydramine may probably inhibit the metabolism of other CYP2D6 substrates.

Digitalis Glycosides: Digitalis glycosides in association with beta-blockers, may increase AV conduction time and may induce bradycardia.

Diltiazem: Diltiazem and beta-receptor blockers have additive inhibitory effects on the AV-conduction and sinusnode function. Pronounced bradycardia has been observed (case reports) during combination treatment with diltiazem.

Epinephrine: There are about 10 reports on patients treated with nonselective beta-receptor blockers (including pindolol and propranolol) that developed pronounced hypertension and bradycardia after administration of epinephrine (adrenaline). These clinical observations have been confirmed in studies in healthy volunteers. It has also been suggested that epinephrine in local anaesthetics may provoke these reactions upon intravasal administration. The risk is probably less with cardioselective beta-receptor blockers.

Phenylpropanolamine: Phenylpropanolamine (norephedrine) in single doses of 50 mg may increase the diastolic blood pressure to pathological values in healthy volunteers. Propranolol generally counteracts the rise in blood pressure induced by phenylpropanolamine. However, beta-receptor blockers may provoke paradoxical hypertensive reactions in patients who take high doses of phenylpropranolamine. Hypertensive crisis during treatment with only phenylpropanolamine have been described in a couple of cases.

Quinidine: Quinidine inhibits the metabolism of Vinicor AM in so-called rapid hydroxylators (>90% in Sweden) with markedly elevated plasma levels and enhanced beta-blockade as a result. A corresponding interaction might occur with other beta-blockers metabolised by the same enzyme (cytochrome P450 2D6).

Clonidine: The hypertensive reaction when clonidine is suddenly withdrawn may be potentiated by beta-blockers. If concomitant treatment with clonidine is to be discontinued, the beta-blocker medication should be withdrawn several days before clonidine.

Rifampicin: Rifampicin may induce the metabolism of Vinicor AM resulting in decreased plasma levels.

Patients receiving concomitant treatment with other beta-blockers (ie, eye drops) or MAO Inhibitors should be kept under close surveillance. In patients receiving beta-receptor blocker therapy, inhalation anaesthetics enhance the cardio-depressant effect. The dosages of oral antidiabetics may have to be readjusted in patients receiving beta-blockers. The plasma concentration of Vinicor AM can increase when cimetidine or hydralazine are administered simultaneously.


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References

  1. DailyMed. "METOPROLOL FUMARATE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
  2. MeSH. "Antihypertensive Agents". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68... (accessed September 17, 2018).
  3. European Chemicals Agency - ECHA. "3,5-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 2-[(2-aminoethoxy)methyl]-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-6-methyl-, 3-ethyl 5-methyl ester: The information provided here is aggregated from the "Notified classification and labelling" from ECHA's C&L Inventory. ". https://echa.europa.eu/information-o... (accessed September 17, 2018).

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Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology

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