Consists of chlorpheniramine maleate, ephedrine, Glyceryl guaiacolate
What is Chlorpheniramine maleate?
Chlorpheniramine maleate is an antihistamine that reduces the effects of natural chemical histamine in the body. Histamine can produce symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose.
Chlorpheniramine maleate is used to treat runny nose, sneezing, itching, and watery eyes caused by allergies, the common cold, or the flu.
Chlorpheniramine maleate may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Chlorpheniramine maleate indications
Temporary relief of sneezing, itchy, watery eyes, itchy nose or throat, and runny nose caused by hay fever (allergic rhinitis), or other respiratory allergies.
How should I use Chlorpheniramine maleate?
Use Chlorpheniramine maleate as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
- Chlorpheniramine maleate may be taken with or without food.
- Shake well before using.
- Use the dropper that comes with Chlorpheniramine maleate to measure your dose. Ask your pharmacist for help if you are unsure of how to measure your dose.
- If you miss a dose of Chlorpheniramine maleate, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Chlorpheniramine maleate.
Uses of Chlorpheniramine maleate in details
This medication is used to treat itching and pain caused by minor burns/cuts/scrapes, sunburn, insect bites, minor skin irritations, or rashes from poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac.
Diphenhydramine belongs to a class of drugs known as antihistamines. It works by preventing the effects of a certain natural substance (histamine) that causes itching. Calamine helps to dry the oozing and weeping caused by irritation from poisonous plants.
Use of this medication is not recommended in children younger than 2 years unless directed by the doctor.
How to use Chlorpheniramine maleate topical
Use this medication on the skin only. Some products may need to be shaken well before use. Follow all directions on the product package, or use as directed by your doctor. Before applying, clean the affected area with soap and water. Gently pat dry. Apply to the affected area as directed, usually 3 to 4 times a day. Wash hands immediately after use, unless the area being treated includes the hands.
Do not use on large areas of the body or apply more often than directed. Do not use on chickenpox or measles. Do not use with other products that contain diphenhydramine (e.g., allergy medication taken by mouth). Your condition will not clear faster, but side effects may be increased.
Avoid getting the product in your eyes, nose, ears, or mouth. If the medication gets in these areas, rinse the area right away with clean water.
Tell your doctor if your condition persists or worsens after 7 days of treatment. If you think you may have a serious medical problem, seek immediate medical attention.
Chlorpheniramine maleate description
An alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used in the treatment of several disorders including asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.
Chlorpheniramine maleate dosage
Tab Adult & childn >12 yr 1 tab tds-qds. Childn 6-12 yr ½ tab tds-qds. Syr Adult 5 mL tds-qds. Childn 6-12 yr 2.5 mL tds-qds, 2-5 yr 1.25 mL tds-qds.
Chlorpheniramine maleate interactions
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What other drugs will affect Chlorpheniramine maleate?
Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor's approval.
Some products that may interact with this drug include: antihistamines applied to the skin (such as diphenhydramine cream, ointment, spray), antispasmodics (e.g., atropine, belladonna alkaloids), drugs for Parkinson's disease (e.g., anticholinergics such as benztropine, trihexyphenidyl), scopolamine, tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline).
Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you also take drugs that cause drowsiness such as: certain antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine), anti-seizure drugs (e.g., carbamazepine), medicine for sleep or anxiety (e.g., alprazolam, diazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants, narcotic pain relievers (e.g., codeine), psychiatric medicines (e.g., chlorpromazine, risperidone, amitriptyline, trazodone). Check the labels on all your medicines (e.g., cough-and-cold products) because they may contain drowsiness-causing ingredients. Ask your pharmacist about the safe use of those products.
Chlorpheniramine maleate is very similar to dexchlorpheniramine. Do not use medications containing dexchlorpheniramine while using Chlorpheniramine maleate.
This medication may interfere with certain laboratory tests (including allergy skin testing), possibly causing false test results. Make sure laboratory personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.
Chlorpheniramine maleate side effects
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What are the possible side effects of Chlorpheniramine maleate?
Mild stinging, redness, swelling, or dry/flaky skin may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.
If your doctor has directed you to use this medication, remember that he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.
A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.
This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.
In the US -
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.
In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.
Chlorpheniramine maleate contraindications
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What is the most important information I should know about Chlorpheniramine maleate?
Hypersensitivity to antihistamines; narrow-angle glaucoma; stenosing peptic ulcer; symptomatic prostatic hypertrophy; asthmatic attack; bladder neck obstruction; pyloroduodenal obstruction; MAO therapy; use in newborn or premature infants and in breast-feeding mothers.
What is Ephedrine?
Ephedrine is used for temporary relief of shortness of breath, chest tightness, and wheezing due to bronchial asthma. Ephedrine may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Ephedrine is a decongestant and bronchodilator. It works by reducing swelling and constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages and widening the lung airways, allowing you to breathe more easily.
Ephedrine indications
Nasal
Nasal congestion
Adult: As 1% soln: Instill 1-2 drops into each nostril up to 4 times daily as needed.
Child: >12 yr Same as adult dose.
Elderly: Same as adult dose.
Oral
Acute bronchospasm
Adult: As ephedrine HCl: 15-60 mg tid. As ephedrine sulfate: 12.5-25 mg 4 hrly. Max: 150 mg/day.
Child: As ephedrine HCl: 1-5 yr 15 mg tid; 6-12 yr 30 mg tid; >12 yr Same as adult dose. As ephedrine sulfate: ≥12 yr Same as adult dose.
Elderly: Initial: 50% of adult dose.
Parenteral
Reversal of spinal or epidural anaesthesia-induced hypotension
Adult: As ephedrine HCl: 3-6 mg by slow IV inj every 3-4 min as required. Max total dose: 30 mg. As ephedrine sulfate: 25-50 mg (range: 10-50 mg) by SC or IM inj or 5-25 mg by IV inj, may be repeated according to patient's response. Max: 150 mg/day.
Child: 0.5 mg/kg or 16.7 mg/m2 4-6 hrly by SC or IM inj or alternatively, 0.75 mg/kg or 25 mg/m2 4 times daily by SC or IV inj.
Elderly: Same as adult dose.
Parenteral
Acute bronchospasm
Adult: As ephedrine sulfate: 12.5-25 mg by SC, IM or IV inj, further dosage may be given according to patient's response.
How should I use Ephedrine?
Use ephedrine as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
- Ephedrine is usually administered as an injection at your doctor's office, hospital, or clinic. If you are using ephedrine at home, carefully follow the injection procedures taught to you by your health care provider.
- If ephedrine contains particles or is discolored, or if the vial is cracked or damaged in any way, do not use it.
- Do not reuse needles, syringes, or other materials.
- Keep this product, as well as syringes and needles, out of the reach of children and away from pets. Do not reuse needles, syringes, or other materials. Dispose of properly after use. Ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain local regulations for proper disposal.
- If you miss a dose of ephedrine, contact your doctor right away.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use ephedrine.
Uses of Ephedrine in details
Use: Labeled Indications
Hypotension, anesthesia-induced: Treatment of anesthesia-induced hypotension
Note: The use of ephedrine for the treatment of acute bronchospasm, Stokes-Adams syndrome (ie, presyncope/syncope) with complete heart block, narcolepsy, depression, or myasthenia gravis has fallen out of favor given the availability of more effective agents for these conditions.
Off Label Uses
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (prevention)
Data from two randomized controlled studies suggests that patients given post-operative ephedrine had lower postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) scores early in the post-operative period without significant hemodynamic changes.
Ephedrine description
An alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used in the treatment of several disorders including asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists. [PubChem]
Ephedrine dosage
General Dosage And Administration Instructions
Ephedrine (ephedrine sulfate injection) must be diluted before administration as an intravenous bolus to achieve the desired concentration. Dilute with normal saline or 5% dextrose in water.
Inspect parenteral drug products visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit.
Dosing For The Treatment Of Clinically Important Hypotension In The Setting of Anesthesia
The recommended dosages for the treatment of clinically important hypotension in the setting of anesthesia is an initial dose of 5 to 10 mg administered by intravenous bolus. Administer additional boluses as needed, not to exceed a total dosage of 50 mg.
- Adjust dosage according to the blood pressure goal (i.e., titrate to effect).
Prepare A 5 mg/mL Solution For Bolus
Intravenous Administration
For bolus intravenous administration, prepare a solution containing a final concentration of 5 mg/mL of Ephedrine (ephedrine sulfate injection):
- Withdraw 50 mg (1 mL of 50 mg/mL) of Ephedrine (ephedrine sulfate injection) and dilute with 9 mL of 5% Dextrose Injection or 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection.
- Withdraw an appropriate dose of the 5 mg/mL solution prior to bolus intravenous administration.
How supplied
Dosage Forms And Strengths
Ephedrine (ephedrine sulfate injection) is available as a single-dose 1 mL vial that contains 50 mg/mL ephedrine sulfate, equivalent to 38 mg ephedrine base.
Storage And Handling
Ephedrine (ephedrine sulfate injection), 50 mg/mL, is supplied as follows:
| NDC | Strength | How Supplied |
| 76014-005-25 | 50 mg/mL | 1 mL clear glass vial; for single use (supplied in packages of 25) |
Vial stoppers are not manufactured with natural rubber latex. Store Ephedrine (ephedrine sulfate injection), 50 mg/mL, at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F). Store in carton until time of use. For single use only. Discard unused portion.
Manufactured for:
Ephedrine interactions
| Interactions that Augment the Pressor Effect | |
| Oxytocin and oxytocic dirugs | |
| Clinical Impact: | Serious postpartum hypertension has been described in patients who received both a vasopressor (i.e., methoxamine, phenylephrine, ephedrine) and an oxytocic (i.e., methylergonovine, ergonovine). Some of these patients experienced a stroke. |
| Intervention: | Carefully monitor the blood pressure of individuals who have received both ephedrine and an oxytocic. |
| Clonidine, propofol, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), atropine | |
| Clinical Impact: | These drugs augment the pressor effect of ephedrine. |
| Intervention: | Carefully monitor the blood pressure of individuals who have received both ephedrine and any of these drugs. |
| Interactions that Antagonize the Pressor Effect | |
| Clinical Impact: | These drugs antagonize the pressor effect of ephedrine. |
| Intervention: | Carefully monitor the blood pressure of individuals who have received both ephedrine and any of these drugs. |
| Examples: | a-adrenergic antagonists, P-adrenergic receptor antagonists, reserpine, quinidine, mephentermine |
| Other Drug Interactions | |
| Guanethidine | |
| Clinical Impact: | Ephedrine may inhibit the neuron blockage produced by guanethidine, resulting in loss of antihypertensive effectiveness. |
| Intervention: | Clinician should monitor patient for blood pressor response and adjust the dosage or choice of pressor accordingly. |
| Rocuronium | |
| Clinical Impact: | Ephedrine may reduce the onset time of neuromuscular blockade when used for intubation with rocuronium if administered simultaneously with anesthetic induction. |
| Intervention: | Be aware of this potential interaction. No treatment or other interventions are needed. |
| Epidural anesthesia | |
| Clinical Impact: | Ephedrine may decrease the efficacy of epidural blockade by hastening the regression of sensory analgesia. |
| Intervention: | Monitor and treat the patient according to clinical practice. |
| Theophylline | |
| Clinical Impact: | Concomitant use of ephedrine may increase the frequency of nausea, nervousness, and insomnia. |
| Intervention: | Monitor patient for worsening symptoms and manage symptoms according to clinical practice. |
| Cardiac glycosides | |
| Clinical Impact: | Giving ephedrine with a cardiac glycoside, such as digitalis, may increase the possibility of arrhythmias. |
| Intervention: | Carefully monitor patients on cardiac glycosides who are also administered ephedrine. |
Ephedrine side effects
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What are the possible side effects of Ephedrine?
With large doses of ephedrine sulfate most patients will experience nervousness, insomnia, vertigo, headache, tachycardia, palpitation and sweating. Some patients have nausea, vomiting and anorexia. Vesical sphincter spasm may occur and result in difficult and painful urination. Urinary retention may develop in males with prostatism.
Precordial pain and cardiac arrhythmias may occur following administration of Ephedrine Sulfate Injection, USP.
Drug Abuse And Dependence
Prolonged abuse of Ephedrine Sulfate Injection, USP can lead to symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia. When this occurs, patients exhibit such physical signs as tachycardia, poor nutrition and hygiene, fever, cold sweat and dilated pupils.
Some measure of tolerance may develop with prolonged or excessive use but addiction does not occur. Temporary cessation of medication and subsequent readministration restores its effectiveness.
Ephedrine contraindications
See also:
What is the most important information I should know about Ephedrine?
Ephedrine is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to sympathomimetic amines and in patients with angle closure glaucoma. It should not be used in patients anesthetized with agents such as cyclopropane or halothane as these agents may sensitize the heart to the arrhythmic action of sympathomimetic drugs.
Ephedrine should not ordinarily be used in those cases where vasopressor drugs may be contraindicated, e.g., in thyrotoxicosis, diabetes, in obstetrics when maternal blood pressure is in excess of 130/80 and in hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders.
Active ingredient matches for Chlorpheniramine maleate/ephedrine/Glyceryl guaiacolate:
Chlorpheniramine maleate/ephedrine/Glyceryl guaiacolate
List of Chlorpheniramine maleate/ephedrine/Glyceryl guaiacolate substitutes (brand and generic names) | Sort by popularity |
| Unit description / dosage (Manufacturer) | Price, USD |
| OBB (Indonesia) | |
References
- DailyMed. "CHLORPHENIRAMINE POLISTIREX; HYDROCODONE POLISTIREX: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
- DailyMed. "EPHEDRINE SULFATE: DailyMed provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States. DailyMed is the official provider of FDA label information (package inserts).". https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailyme... (accessed September 17, 2018).
- PubChem. "Ephedrine". https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/com... (accessed September 17, 2018).
Reviews
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Information checked by Dr. Sachin Kumar, MD Pharmacology
